American Community Survey, 1-year
Annual survey estimates of household income, housing costs, and age structure for geographies of 65,000 people or more, covering the nation and every state.
Publisher
- Organization
- U.S. Census Bureau
- Publisher’s dataset
- American Community Survey, 1-Year Estimates
- File or API used
- https://api.census.gov/data/{year}/acs/acs1?get=NAME,{variables}&for=state:*|us:*&key=... (2021-2024 instead pulled from https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/1YRData/, see caveats)
- Retrieval script
scripts/fetch-census-acs.py- Methodology
- https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/methodology.html
Coverage
- Geography
- Nation and states, including the District of Columbia
- Time coverage
- 2010-2019, 2021-2024
- Update frequency
- Annual
- Published
- September 11, 2025
- Retrieved
- September 8, 2026
- License
- The compiled file on this page is CC BY 4.0. The underlying records: Public domain. U.S. federal government work.
Measures
| Measure | What it measures | Unit |
|---|---|---|
| Median household income | Median household income in the past 12 months, in that survey year's inflation-adjusted dollars (B19013_001E). | usd |
| Median home value | Median value of owner-occupied housing units, as estimated by the owner (B25077_001E). | usd |
| Median gross rent | Median gross rent (contract rent plus utilities) for renter-occupied housing units paying cash rent (B25064_001E). | usd |
| Homeownership rate | Owner-occupied housing units as a percent of all occupied housing units: B25003_002E / B25003_001E * 100. | percent |
| Renters paying 30%+ of income on rent | Share of renter households spending 30 percent or more of household income on gross rent: the sum of B25070's 30.0-34.9, 35.0-39.9, 40.0-49.9 and 50.0-percent-or-more categories, divided by the table total minus the 'not computed' category, times 100. | percent |
| Housing units | Total housing units, occupied and vacant (B25001_001E). | count |
| Housing vacancy rate | Vacant housing units as a percent of all housing units: B25002_003E / B25002_001E * 100. | percent |
| Median age | Median age of the total population (B01002_001E). | years |
| Population under 18 | Population under 18 years old as a percent of total population, summed across B01001's under-5, 5-9, 10-14 and 15-17 age categories for both sexes, divided by B01001_001E, times 100. | percent |
| Population 65 and older | Population 65 years and older as a percent of total population, summed across B01001's 65-66 through 85-and-over age categories for both sexes, divided by B01001_001E, times 100. | percent |
| Poverty rate | Population below the poverty level in the past 12 months as a percent of the population for whom poverty status is determined: B17001_002E / B17001_001E * 100. | percent |
| Uninsured rate | Civilian noninstitutionalized population with no health insurance coverage as a percent of that population, summed across B27001's 9 age bands for both sexes, divided by B27001_001E, times 100. | percent |
Caveats
- All values are single-year survey estimates and carry margins of error not stored here; small states and small differences between years can be within the margin of error.
- Dollar figures (economy.median_household_income, housing.median_home_value, housing.median_gross_rent) are in that survey year's dollars and are not adjusted for inflation across years.
- 1-year estimates are not comparable to 5-year estimates (see census-acs5) for the same geography or metric: different reference periods produce different figures even when nothing changed.
- There is no standard 2020 ACS 1-year release; the Census Bureau replaced it with experimental estimates because of COVID-19 data collection disruption, and 2020 is omitted here rather than substituted.
- 2010-2019 were pulled from the Census Data API (api.census.gov), which requires an API key; 2021-2024 were pulled from Census's keyless bulk table-based Summary File (www2.census.gov), which only exists in that convenient one-file-per-table layout from 2021 onward and was already on hand. For 2023 both sources were fetched and every value compared; they agreed exactly.
- economy.poverty_rate and economy.uninsured_rate are derived from detailed tables B17001 and B27001 rather than the Census subject tables S1701/S2701, because the subject tables' column numbering for these percentages has changed across vintages (confirmed: S2701's 'percent uninsured' column moves from C03 to C05 between 2014 and 2015, and the table does not exist before 2013), while the detailed-table variable numbers used here are stable back to at least 2010.
- All rate and share metrics (percent unit) are rounded to one decimal place by this puller; level metrics are stored exactly as published.
Pages built on this dataset
Downloads
How to cite
Understand Idaho, “American Community Survey, 1-Year Estimates”, compiled from U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 1-Year Estimates. Retrieved September 8, 2026. https://understandidaho.com/data/census-acs1/. CC BY 4.0.
Cite U.S. Census Bureau directly for the figures themselves.
This page was last updated .