U.S. Energy Information Administration

Electricity generation by source, consumption, retail prices, and interstate energy comparisons.

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Net Generation by State by Type of Producer by Energy Source (EIA-906/920/923)

Annual net electricity generation by state, provider type and energy source, compiled by EIA from the EIA-923 Power Plant Operations Report and predecessor forms EIA-906 and EIA-920.

Organization: U.S. Energy Information Administration
Dataset: Net Generation by State by Type of Producer by Energy Source (EIA-906/920/923)
Geography: Nation and states (including DC); 50 states, DC and the nation are all carried since the file already covers every state
Time coverage: 1990-2024
Update frequency: Annual
Published: September 18, 2025
Retrieved: September 8, 2026
Original file: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/annual_generation_state.xls
Methodology: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/
License: Public domain. U.S. federal government work.
Our copy: eia-generation, built by scripts/fetch-eia-generation.py

Caveats

Generation figures are net of plant use (station power), not gross generation.
The source file publishes megawatthours; every value here is that figure divided by 1000 to store gigawatthours, with no further rounding.
energy.net_generation and energy.net_generation_by_source cover 'Total Electric Power Industry' (all producer types: electric utilities, independent power producers and combined heat and power), not any single provider type.
energy.net_generation_by_source omits a source for a year when EIA collected no generation for it that year; the source does not publish an explicit zero row, so the set of categories present is not the same every year.
energy.hydro_share is not published by EIA; it is computed here as Hydroelectric Conventional generation divided by total net generation, times 100, rounded to one decimal place, and excludes pumped storage, which EIA reports as a separate energy source.
Hydroelectric output varies year to year with the water year (snowpack and runoff), so year-over-year changes in net generation and hydro_share reflect hydrology as much as demand or capacity.
All years through 2024 are EIA-final; the workbook's own sheet is named 'Net_Generation_1990-2024 Final' and nothing here is marked preliminary.

Measures

Net electricity generation (gwh): Total net electricity generation from all producers and all energy sources, for a calendar year.
Net electricity generation by energy source (gwh): Net electricity generation from all producers, broken out by energy source, for a calendar year. Idaho only.
Hydroelectric share of net generation (percent): Conventional hydroelectric net generation as a percentage of Idaho's total net generation from all sources, for a calendar year. Computed by the puller, not published directly by EIA.

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Idaho Net Interstate Flow of Electricity (State Electricity Profile, Table 10)

Idaho's annual net interstate trade of electricity, from Table 10 (Supply and disposition of electricity) of EIA's Idaho State Electricity Profile.

Organization: U.S. Energy Information Administration
Dataset: Idaho Net Interstate Flow of Electricity (State Electricity Profile, Table 10)
Geography: Idaho only
Time coverage: 1990-2024
Update frequency: Annual
Published: November 10, 2025
Retrieved: September 8, 2026
Original file: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/state/xls/SEP%20Tables%20for%20ID.xlsx
Methodology: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/state/idaho/
License: Public domain. U.S. federal government work.
Our copy: eia-interstate-trade, built by scripts/fetch-eia-interstate-trade.py

Caveats

Sign convention, as EIA states it in the source table: a negative value is a net import of electric power into Idaho, a positive value is a net export. The figure is kept exactly as published, not inverted.
EIA computes this as Total Supply minus (Total Electric Industry Sales + Direct Use + Total International Exports + Estimated Losses); it is a residual, not a direct measurement of interstate power flows.
The source publishes megawatthours; every value here is that figure divided by 1000 to store gigawatthours, with no further rounding.
Idaho is a net importer of electricity in every year in this series (1990-2024); hydroelectric output, which supplies much of Idaho's own generation, varies with the water year, which affects how much the state imports.
All years through 2024 are EIA-final; nothing here is marked preliminary.

Measures

Net interstate flow of electricity (gwh): Idaho's net interstate trade of electricity for a calendar year; negative means a net import, positive means a net export.

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Retail Sales, Revenue and Price of Electricity by State and Sector (EIA-861)

Annual retail electricity sales, revenue and average price by state and end-use sector, compiled by EIA from the EIA-861 Annual Electric Power Industry Report.

Organization: U.S. Energy Information Administration
Dataset: Retail Sales, Revenue and Price of Electricity by State and Sector (EIA-861)
Geography: Idaho, the US and its six neighbor states for every year; all states and DC added for the newest year only, for a price ranking
Time coverage: 1990-2024
Update frequency: Annual
Published: October 7, 2025
Retrieved: September 8, 2026
Original file: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/xls/861/HS861%202010-.xlsx
Methodology: https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/state/
License: Public domain. U.S. federal government work.
Our copy: eia-sales-prices, built by scripts/fetch-eia-sales-prices.py

Caveats

Retail price is revenue divided by sales, expressed in cents per kilowatthour; for 2010-2024 EIA publishes this ratio directly, and for 1990-2009 the puller computes it the same way from EIA's own revenue and sales figures because that older file has no direct total-price column.
The source publishes sales in megawatthours; every gwh value here is that figure divided by 1000, with no further rounding. Revenue and price are stored as published (or as computed above), with no unit conversion.
energy.retail_sales (Idaho, all years) includes Idaho's 'Other' sector sales, which EIA collected from 1990-2002 (schools, street lighting and similar non-standard loads); those Other-sector sales are folded into the total but are not broken out as a category in energy.retail_sales_by_sector, which tracks only Residential, Commercial, Industrial and Transportation.
energy.retail_sales_by_sector has no Transportation observation for Idaho before 2003: EIA did not collect a Transportation sector for any state until 2003, replacing the Other sector it had collected through 2002.
Figures cover the 'Total Electric Industry' (all provider types combined: full-service, energy-only, delivery-only and competitive), not any single provider type.
All years through 2024 are EIA-final; nothing here is marked preliminary.

Measures

Retail electricity sales (gwh): Total retail electricity sales to ultimate customers, all sectors, for a calendar year. Idaho only.
Retail electricity sales by sector (gwh): Retail electricity sales to ultimate customers, broken out by end-use sector (Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Transportation), for a calendar year. Idaho only.
Average retail electricity price (cents per_kwh): Average retail electricity price across all sectors (revenue divided by sales), for a calendar year.
Residential retail electricity price (cents per_kwh): Average retail electricity price for the residential sector (revenue divided by sales), for a calendar year.

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