USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service

Census of Agriculture and annual surveys: farms, land in farms, commodities, and farm economics.

https://www.nass.usda.gov/ · Federal

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Cattle Inventory, January 1

Annual count of all cattle and calves as of January 1, from the USDA NASS Quick Stats annual cattle survey.

Organization: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dataset: Cattle Inventory, January 1
Geography: 50 states and the United States; the District of Columbia has no rows in Quick Stats for this series
Time coverage: 1867-2026
Update frequency: Annual
Published: January 30, 2026
Original file: https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/api/api_GET/
Methodology: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Cattle_Inventory/
License: Public domain. U.S. federal government work.
Our copy: Cattle Inventory, January 1, built by scripts/fetch-nass-cattle-inventory.py

Caveats

A separate July 1 mid-year count for 1973-1981 is excluded, so each year has one observation per geography.
This is a sample survey estimate, not a full enumeration, and is revised in later NASS releases.
The District of Columbia is not included: NASS has never surveyed DC cattle inventory.
A pre-1960s 'Other States' aggregate row grouping small-production states is excluded, since it is not a single geography.

Measures

Cattle inventory (count): All cattle and calves in Idaho as of January 1 each year.

Census of Agriculture: farms, land in farms, and market value of products sold

Headline farm-count, land-in-farms, and market-value-of-products-sold figures for Idaho and its counties from the USDA Census of Agriculture, taken every five years.

Organization: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dataset: Census of Agriculture: farms, land in farms, and market value of products sold
Geography: Idaho and its 44 counties, every U.S. state, and the nation
Time coverage: 1997-2022
Update frequency: Every 5 years
Published: July 2, 2024
Original file: https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/api/api_GET/
Methodology: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/Ag_Census_Terms/
License: Public domain. U.S. federal government work.
Our copy: Census of Agriculture: farms, land in farms, and market value of products sold, built by scripts/fetch-nass-census-ag.py

Caveats

agriculture.land_in_farms_acres counts all acreage in the operation regardless of ownership or use, the Census's land-in-farms concept.
agriculture.market_value_products is in current dollars for each Census year, not adjusted for inflation, so years are not directly comparable.
USDA withholds some county figures for disclosure avoidance; land in farms is withheld for Boise and Shoshone counties in 2012.
State-level figures cover 50 states; the Census of Agriculture's state aggregation has never included the District of Columbia.

Measures

Farms (count): Number of farm operations, from the Census of Agriculture.
Land in farms (acres): Total acreage operated by farms, regardless of ownership, tenure, or use, from the Census of Agriculture.
Market value of agricultural products sold (usd): Market value of all agricultural products sold, in current dollars for the Census year, from the Census of Agriculture.

Census of Agriculture: Irrigated Land

Total irrigated land, from the Census of Agriculture, for Idaho by county (2022 and 2017) and for every state and the nation statewide (1997-2022), via NASS's Quick Stats API.

Organization: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dataset: Census of Agriculture: Irrigated Land
Geography: Every US state and the nation, statewide; Idaho counties
Time coverage: 1997-2022 (state and nation); 2022 and 2017 (Idaho county)
Update frequency: Every 5 years (Census of Agriculture)
Published: August 19, 2025
Original file: https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/api/api_GET/?source_desc=CENSUS&commodity_desc=AG+LAND&short_desc=AG+LAND%2C+IRRIGATED+-+ACRES&domain_desc=TOTAL
Methodology: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/Methodology_and_Data_Quality/
License: Public domain. U.S. federal government work.
Our copy: Census of Agriculture: Irrigated Land, built by scripts/fetch-nass-irrigation.py

Caveats

Figures are total acres NASS classifies as irrigated, regardless of what is grown; not a crop-by-crop breakdown.
Two of Idaho's 44 counties are withheld for disclosure in 2017 and omitted here rather than estimated.
USDA's separate Census of Irrigation and Water Management (2013, 2018, 2023) is a different survey and is not mixed into this series.

Measures

Irrigated land (acres): Total land NASS classifies as irrigated, from the Census of Agriculture.

Idaho Sheep and Lamb Death Loss and Cause of Death Surveys

USDA NASS Quick Stats annual Idaho sheep and lamb death loss and January 1 inventory, joined to NASS's irregular Idaho cause-of-death surveys (2016, 2018, 2023, 2025), which are funded by the Idaho Animal Damage Control Board and split losses between predator and non-predator causes.

Organization: USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service
Dataset: Idaho Sheep and Lamb Death Loss and Cause of Death Surveys
Geography: Idaho
Time coverage: 1988-2025 (annual totals); 2016, 2018, 2023, 2025 (cause surveys)
Update frequency: Annual (Quick Stats totals); irregular, at intervals of several years (cause surveys)
Published: 2026
Original file: https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/api/api_GET/
Methodology: https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/
License: Public domain. U.S. federal government work; USDA NASS survey data are not subject to copyright.
Our copy: Idaho Sheep and Lamb Death Loss and Cause of Death Surveys, built by scripts/fetch-nass-sheep-death-loss.py

Caveats

The annual series counts lamb deaths after docking only; cause surveys also count pre-docking losses, so a survey total runs higher (22,000 versus 15,000 in 2025).
Cause surveys are irregular, not annual; only 2016, 2018, 2023 and 2025 are published for Idaho.
Wolves are a separate category in 2016, 2018 and 2023; in 2025 NASS folds them into 'Other/Unknown Predators' with bobcats, not a fall to zero.
NASS states that 'Unknown Causes', 25.5 percent of 2025 deaths, may include some predator loss.
NASS rounds each cause to the nearest 100 and does not force totals to reconcile; a residual is not assigned its own category.

Measures

Sheep and lamb deaths (head): Sheep (excluding lambs) plus lambs lost to all causes in the calendar year, after docking, as NASS Quick Stats publishes it.
Sheep and lamb inventory, January 1 (head): Sheep and lambs on hand January 1 of the year, from NASS Quick Stats.
Sheep and lamb deaths per 1,000 head (per 1000): Total sheep and lamb deaths that year per 1,000 head of January 1 inventory. Computed here from the two Quick Stats series, not a published NASS figure, so the death toll can be read against a flock that has changed size.
Sheep and lamb death loss by cause (head): Sheep and lamb deaths (including lambs lost before docking) attributed to each cause, exactly as NASS names it in the Idaho cause-of-death survey for that year. Published only for survey years 2016, 2018, 2023 and 2025.
Value of sheep and lamb death loss by cause (usd): Dollar value of sheep and lamb losses attributed to each cause, as published by the NASS Idaho cause-of-death survey (the source reports thousands of dollars; this is that figure multiplied by 1,000). Published only for survey years 2016, 2018, 2023 and 2025.

This page was last updated September 10, 2026.